Most visitors to the Great Barrier Reef tend to focus on the larger marine life, particularly the fish, turtles, and rays. But you really need to slow down and focus on some of the smaller animals, and with a bit of luck, you might spot a nudibranch.
What’s a nudibranch you might ask…only one of the most colourful and fascinating creatures to be found on the Reef.
Their name is derived from the latin nudibranchia, which means literally “naked gills,” and describes the feather-like gills and horns often found on their head or clustered on their back.
Nudibranchs, less romantically referred to as sea slugs, are recognised by their vibrant patterns and striking hues, making them a favourite among underwater photographers. They greatly range in size, from only a few mm to 30 cm or more.
One of the most striking features is their brilliant colouration. These colours aren’t just for show—they warn predators that these little creatures might be toxic or unpalatable. Some nudibranchs even absorb toxins from their prey and store them in their bodies, making them a risky snack for any potential predator.
Their reproductive life is…most unique. Nudibranchs are hermaphrodites, meaning they possess both male and female reproductive organs and can produce both sperm and eggs. However, they typically don't self-fertilize; instead, they mate with another nudibranch, exchanging sperm and eggs.
Nudibranchs deposit their fertilised eggs in spiral, gelatinous formations, and in an effort to deter predators, the eggs contain toxins accumulated from sea sponges. Once the juveniles hatch, they normally resemble their parental counterparts and have a short lifespan that lasts sometimes less than a month and can live for up to one year.
Nudibranchs have a very diverse diet, that includes sponges, hydroids, and other small marine organisms. Their colour is derived from what they eat attributing to camouflage in their respective area.
They are found all along the Reef, where they slowly crawl over the sand, rocks and coral usually looking for food. Their small size and camouflaging abilities can make them tricky to spot, but their vibrant colours make them unforgettable once you do.
Contributed with thanks to Whitsunday Conservation Council
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